Something that never found a home

Going through my “My Documents” folder, I happened across something I wrote just after the Aria opening. It’s pointless little anecdote about my completely inconsequential run-in with Cesar Pelli.

This was back when I still had the energy to write things on spec, which is broke writer-speak for “no one’s hired me to do this, but I’m vaguely hopeful that I can sell it somewhere, so I’m going to write it anyway.” Needless to say, I never found a place for it, which happens distressingly often when you write things on spec. Knowing this, I thought it would be a great idea to write my next book without a contract in hand, which is why I’ve got a nearly-complete manuscript and no contract today.

Anyway, I thought some people might get a kick out of traveling back in time to mid-December, 2009, when the sky seemed the limit for CityCenter and I was still trying to figure out what it all meant. So without further ado, I present something that has finally found a home.

Brush with Greatness

Before I tell you what happened that afternoon in Las Vegas, I should make one thing clear: I’m supposed to know what I’m talking about. I’ve written three books about gambling history, including one that traces the evolution of casinos on the Las Vegas Strip as essentially suburban institutions. I blog on the subject just about daily, turn out a few articles each month, and spend a big part of my day just talking to people about the context of the latest casino news. If there’s one thing I should be qualified to talk about, it’s casinos.

Yet a moment at the opening of the latest Strip casino, Aria, left me at a loss for words.

Aria’s the centerpiece of CityCenter, a multi-billion dollar development that brought notable architects from around the world to Las Vegas, was a chance for me to get a personal perspective on the history I study as it unfolds. It’s like a Western historian getting the chance to tag along with Lewis and Clark.

So as I explored Aria ten hours before it opened to the public, I was mentally writing an article for a local weekly about how the resort puts a fresh spin on the casino hotel, hoping that I could avoid the term “paradigm shift,” at least for the first few paragraphs.
Pausing for a second in the main lobby, across from the Maya Lin sculpture that hovers behind the front desk, the ceiling seemed farther away than anything I’d ever seen in a casino.

Aria plays with volume, light, and space, I wrote in my mental notebook, in ways that no other Las Vegas casino has to date. It’s a decisive break from the reigning Strip design philosophy, which is to cocoon the visitor in comfort and sensation from the moment he steps inside. It’s not afraid of letting the outside in, of drawing energy from the surrounding streetscape.

We’d been told that CityCenter couldn’t be explained, just experienced. Yet it’s precisely my job to explain things like what makes the latest casino resort to open different from the dozens that have come before. And I thought was doing a bang-up job.

Then out of the corner of my eye I spotted architect Cesar Pelli, whose firm Pelli Clarke Pelli designed Aria. He was walking across the lobby in an impeccably understated suit, looking not merely distinguished and not yet venerable, but positively august. This was a man who’d command respect anywhere, let alone in the lobby of a building that his team had designed.

Pelli, the former dean of the Yale University School of Architecture, has created some of the best-known buildings in the world, including the Petronas Twin Towers in Kuala Lumpur. He’s received more than 200 awards, including the American Institute of Architects’ Gold Medal. There are few architects more accomplished.

I turned to face him. He made eye contact as he drew closer.

And I, who was in the process of writing word after grandiloquent word that put this significant addition to the Strip into its historical context? What did I say to the man who deserved to hear it?

“It’s incredible.”

I got a polite nod and a smile, a fair trade for a vague compliment.

Where was all of my measured prose about light and volume? If I didn’t want to run the risk of sounding like a pretentious jerk, why not just “I’ve been in a lot of casinos, and this doesn’t look like anything else I’ve seen? Great job!”

It’s because I realized that I, as far as Mr. Pelli could tell was just some guy in a thirty-dollar tweed jacket, wasn’t in much of a position to pass judgment on one of the world’s most eminent living architects. If I tried to explain that I had something in the way of qualifications to assess his team’s creation, I’d sound like I was more interested in impressing him than expressing gratitude. Not wanting to do either, I took the easy way out: a simple, barely articulate expression of amazement.

“Really. It’s just …incredible.”

He allowed me another smile, as if indulging a child, and left me again explaining the building to myself.

… and with its astonishing views that juxtapose taxis swirling around the central traffic circle, the freeway and streets to the west, and the Spring Mountains in the distance, Aria is the perfect distillation of the urban West. It’s an ambitious, transformational….

CityCenter’s history

The 2010 issue of Casino Design, a supplement to Global Gaming Business, is out now. It’s filled with tons of great articles with many perspectives on how and why casinos look the way they do. I’d like to point you towards the cover story, a massive look at how CityCenter developed, from drawing board to opening. If you open the digital edition, it starts on page 22:

At the November 9, 2004 press conference that unveiled the concept, then-CEO Terry Lanni said that the CityCenter master plan represented “a significant new direction for our city and our company,” adding that it came at a time when the city was taking “the initial steps to becoming a major urban center in the western United States.”
At that press conference, MGM Mirage unveiled a idea more than a commodity. Only a few things were certain: Project CityCenter would be built on land between the Bellagio and Monte Carlo which the company had recently consolidated with its acquisition of Mandalay Resort Group. It would feature a four-thousand room casino resort, three smaller boutique hotels, and 1,650 condominium residences that would give the area a 24-hour, “city-like” ambience. The centerpiece was to have been an open-air shopping district—definitely not a mall—whose streets allowed both pedestrian and vehicular traffic.

Casino Design 2010

One of the things I found most interested was the way the project seemed to evolve along with the market until late 2007, when it became almost a work of defiance against what was happening around it.

In his editorial introduction (page 4), Roger Gros summed up, better than I could have, what I think the current legacy of CityCenter is: “Good design thrives on pushing the envelope,” he writes. “MGM Resorts is to be admired for taking the steps to advance the casino design industry to new levels.” If no one tried new things, we’d still be rolling bones in caves, eating antelope tartare in the darkness. That doesn’t mean that CityCenter’s necessarily going to point the way to the next stage in casino design: ultimately, casino patrons will decide that, and, as Gros says, that will take some time.

Good magazine all the way through.

Shining a light on Aria

In addition to the cover story, my regular Green Felt Journal column in Vegas Seven this week tackles one very specific complaint about Aria’s casino, the lighting:

But the thing most likely to provoke comment from casino-goers about Aria in its first three months hasn’t been Pelli Clarke Pelli’s spacious design or the cutting-edge technology of the guest rooms. It’s that the casino is a bit on the dark side.

Pre-opening press releases hyped the airiness of the building: “Soaring open spaces, ranging from Aria’s three-story lobby to its guest rooms, fill with natural light and evoke breadth and freedom.” It wasn’t surprising that guests expected a casino that looked like an Apple Store lined with slots instead of MacBooks.

That’s not what they got.

“The casino is very nice but very dark,” a visitor from Texas recently wrote on Expedia. Others have been even harsher in their assessment of the lighting. “It’s way too dark, to the point of being forbidding,” commenter Mike P. said on the RateVegas blog.

via Shining a light on Aria—finally | Vegas Seven.

This piece had an interesting evolution. Originally I wanted to borrow a light meter and prove, beyond a shadow of a doubt (pardon the pun), that Aria was much darker than other casinos. Then both Bobby Baldwin and Bill McBeath conceded that the casino was too dark, so it rendered the entire exercise academic.

Still, measuring light levels would be an interesting project, maybe for another time.

And a few months ago when the Mandarin Oriental opened, I referenced the spot in front of the restrooms in the Sky Lobby being as dark as the caverns of Moria. Apparently they just hadn’t screwed in the lightblub in that corridor yet, because when I returned a few days later it was amply lit. So don’t go looking for Durin the Deathless at the MO–you won’t find him there.

Covering Aria

I had such a busy day yesterday that I couldn’t post this. It’s ironic because this article was the culmination of about a month of interviews, analysis, observation, writing, and re-writing. It’s the cover story for the March 25 Vegas Seven, about Aria’s first 100 days:

Aria, the centerpiece of the 67-acre mini city, has drawn the most attention simply because it’s the main place that people want to visit, thanks to its restaurants, bars and casino. The Crystals shopping center is only about half full. The Mandarin Oriental, by design, pursues a mere sliver of the luxury market. And Vdara at this point seems like just another finely appointed nongaming hotel—pleasant enough but nothing to inspire a trip to Las Vegas. Right now, Aria defines CityCenter.

So the question of the moment is, does Aria work?

MGM Mirage executives will tell you the overall project has been an unqualified success. “CityCenter is the single most powerful reason to have hope for a resurgence in our tourist economy,” MGM Mirage chairman and CEO Jim Murren says.

Do the numbers justify this optimism? Most metrics of casino performance aren’t publicly available, but we do know a little bit about Aria: Over its first 15 days of business, it earned $7 million in operating income, or about $466,000 a day. Its successful big sister, Bellagio, by comparison, averaged $430,000 for all of 2009. If projected out for the year, that would make Aria about 8 percent more profitable than Bellagio. But Bellagio only cost $1.6 billion to build. Aria carries the weight of CityCenter, and that’s a $8.5 billion load.

via The First 100 Days | Vegas Seven.

Even before it came out, I wanted to use this blog to talk a little about the process of writing the piece and share a few more thoughts.

I was thrilled to be asked to write the feature story on CityCenter–it’s something I’ve already written on quite a bit and probably the biggest Vegas casino story of the past few years. More importantly, my opinions about the place haven’t calcified into dogma. Each time I go there, I see things I like, things I don’t, and things that don’t make an impression either way. I didn’t have an emotional or intellectual investment in “proving” that CityCenter was a success or a failure, so I started out with a fairly blank slate.

I talked to a lot of people, both at the property and online, about what worked and what didn’t work for them as guests. But with James Reza focusing on the guest experience in his piece, most of that ended up being background. It let me ask very frank questions to the “Big 3″ (Jim Murren, Bobby Baldwin, Bill McBeath), because I had a strong base of customer feedback–not nearly as comprehensive as what they have, but, I think, a representative sampling.

With Baldwin and McBeath, I focused mostly on operational issues–things like cell phones, the light levels, the parking garage, check-in times, etc. I also asked Baldwin some “big picture” questions. I asked Murren exclusively about the big picture stuff, including financing and the role of art in the project. I want to reproduce here Murren’s response to my question, “How has public art helped differentiate CityCenter,” because I think it’s significant, though it ultimately didn’t fit in with the story I was telling in Vegas Seven:

If we can begin a conversation about art, we stimulate dialogue. The world needs more talking, less polarizing. Art is a great way to begin a conversation: it’s neutral ground, something people can all relate to in one way or another. My hope is that the message of the art at CityCenter is that we care about people. There’s also a significant amount of art in the Nevada Cancer Institute (of which Murren’s wife Heather is co-founder), which sends a resounding message to patients and employees that you care about them, that you feel it’s important that they feel stimulated and inspired. There’s clearly a psychological benefit to art. Art has a calming effect, it enlivens people, energizes areas, and creates moments. That’s what the resort community tries to do—create snapshots that you’ll remember for a long time. Hopefully we create a lot of those moments here—that’s how CityCenter will be defined—when people go home after experiencing the art, those are our ambassadors.

Clearly Murren isn’t coming at the business from the angle of a Benny Binion or Jackie Gaughan. But you know what? That’s OK. Binion and Gaughan weren’t coming at the business from the angle of Bill Graham and Jim McKay. There were probably people who thought that Binion was unbelievably pretentious for putting carpet into his Horseshoe (though I doubt anyone said so to his face).

One of the outgrowths of this project was the UNLV Gaming Podcast interview with Bill McBeath. It was a chance to let the broader community see a little bit of what goes into running a casino resort–a lot of hard work.

In summary, I’m grateful to Vegas Seven for giving me the chance to ask questions and write a story that I hope gets people thinking.

Gaming taverns in Vegas 7

It’s Thursday, so that means the latest Vegas Seven is hot off the presses–printing and digital. This week, I’ve got an article about gaming taverns–you know, those bars with slots in them that are ubiquitous in Las Vegas. Here’s the opening:

From Irish pubs to Mexican cantinas, it seems that every culture puts its own stamp on imbibing. The United States has generated its own share of distinctive drinking niches—tiki bars flowered in California before spreading across the country in the 1960s, and microbreweries have become almost ubiquitous.

Las Vegas has its own twist on the American watering hole—the gaming tavern. In addition to being popular places to drink, these establishments form a substantial part of the area’s gambling culture and gaming economy.

via Taverns maintain big role in gambling ecosystem | Vegas Seven.

So when people say that Las Vegas has no original culture, they’re wrong. We’re definitely got a culture. Now, it might not be one that you particularly like, but that’s another story.

While researching this story, I did some adding, dividing, and multiplying and learned the following useless factoid:

Clark County has about 1 slot machine for every 14 residents. About the same number of hotel rooms, too.

I thought it would put everything into perspective, and lo and behold it found its way into the closing paragraph.

Speaking of collateral benefits from my Vegas Seven writing, here’s one more:

In my Monday interview with Bill McBeath for the 3/25 Vegas Seven, he confirmed that Verizon cell service will be at 100% as of March 22.

So if you’re planning a trip on that date or after and use Verizon, don’t worry: everyone will be able to “hear you now.” Before then…follow Hunter’s advice and lean against the window, maybe.

This little tidbit was part of the interview for the magazine story, so it’s not on the UNLV Gaming Podcast that we recorded that same day.

New Podcast: interview with Bill McBeath

The latest UNLV Gaming Podcast is up; it’s an interview with Aria Resort and Casino President and COO Bill McBeath. A Las Vegas native and UNLV alum, McBeath has had an interesting career, to say the least, and has worked for some of the biggest names in the business—Michael Gaughan, Steve Wynn, and Kirk Kerkorian. As the man responsible for opening the Strip’s latest casino, he gives a unique perspective on the behind-the-scenes drama of launching a new property.

As always, you can listen via iTunes or on the UNLV Gaming Podcast page. For that matter, here’s the direct link:

March 10,2010: Bill McBeath, President & COO of the Aria Resort & Casino

Look for some more interview-style podcasts in the near future–I have a few good ones planned. We’ve got three traditional, lecture-style ones scheduled as well.

100% Aria cell service by end of March

It just had a great talk with Bobby Baldwin about Aria for an article I’m writing for Vegas Seven about the first 100 days of CityCenter.

Talking to people at the property and online, and having gotten too few bars there myself, one of the questions I asked him was about cell phone service.

His response:

“The building has one of the most sophisticated cell phone antenna networks around, but unfortunately we didn’t get all of the business done before opening. All the deals are now done, and we’re going to have 100% coverage. AT&T will be turned on by next week, and Verizon by the end of the month.”

So there you have it: If you’re booking travel to Las Vegas soon, you’ll be able to talk, text, and twitter with no limits at CityCenter.

Given that you can count on one (or maybe two) hands the people in town who have more experience than Mr. Baldwin at opening up major resorts (Mirage, Treasure Island, Bellagio, re-opening Beau Rivage after Katrina), he’s got a great insight on the first 100 days. I’ve already collected a great deal of information from guests, and I’m looking forward to talking to a few other folks at the company and getting the article done.

Destiny on the Strip

If you haven’t read it yet, here’s a link to my latest from the LVBP:

But craps players and conventioneers both, even if they know of the efforts made by designers to craft a green building, are more likely to care about other things: How easy is it to get around this building? Does it make me want to enjoy myself?

via Las Vegas Business Press :: David G. Schwartz : Even amid severe slump for Las Vegas, casino operators can guide destiny.

This dovetails nicely with Chuck’s meditations on the artistry of Aria. The architecture doesn’t mean anything if the resort–and the people in it–can’t consistently get that kind of reaction from visitors.

In essence, I’m saying that they’ve built a lot of hotel rooms on the Strip, and now they have to find ways to keep them full. It’s not going to be easy. And just waiting for better times to return is clearly not going to move things forward.

The point I’m trying to make is that I’ve seen a lot of thinking along the Strip that’s reminiscent of students and gamblers. Here’s what you usually hear when grades come out:
“I got an A in the class.”
“The professor gave me a C.”
In other words, we’re responsible for our successes but not our failures. You don’t have to walk very far through a casino to hear this same mentality at work among gamblers. And these days, you can even hear it upstairs in executive offices.

Back in 2006, I didn’t see any annual reports saying, “Because of rising consumer credit and escalating personal wealth, we’re doing a bang-up business this year.” Instead, it was the bold leadership of the management team that was responsible for all the big rise in shareholder value.

Fast forward a few years, and we hear that “Due to a sagging economy, we’ve had lower than expected earnings.” Well, by now they’re usually expected to be pretty low, but you get the point.

I understand that no manager’s going to come out and say that they’ve done a lousy job of marketing and staffing their property, but it’s important to be more honest internally. Maybe it’s just semantics, but I think what people say reveals a lot about what they’re thinking. In this case, it’s very important for people to accept that the bad economy didn’t do anything to them: the choices they made, whether it was taking on too much debt or not maintaining service standards and the perception of value, put them into the predicament they are in today. They are fully capable of finding a way out of it.

CityCenter and traffic

I’ve been busy today getting the slot hold occasional paper finished up, so running the risk of CityCenter fatigue, here’s an excerpt from my last LVBP column about, you guessed it, CityCenter:

This might be the most novel thing visitors notice about CityCenter, at first. And its hard to believe that its not by design. One thing that sets CityCenter apart from other resorts on the Strip is that because of the density, you will never be far from the street when you’re in the public spaces. The third-floor pool, for example, faces a parking structure on the west. It’s not close enough to smell the exhaust, but it is in the field of vision of poolside loungers. This is a profoundly different sort of vibe than the usual “desert oasis” feel of most Las Vegas pools, where hotel towers or extensive setbacks remove visitors from traffic and, in a sense, reality

via Las Vegas Business Press :: David G. Schwartz : CityCenters pocket parks, traffic circles stand as symbol of Strips evolution.

Further down in the article, you’ll note my reference to plural “pocket parks.” When I wrote this I hadn’t seen the entire complex and was under the impression that there were more than one–I thought I heard someone calling the area outside Bar Vdara “one of the pocket parks,” but I either misheard or that was an error. Even though there’s just one, though, it’s still significant.

Of course, if you were Steve Wynn and you wanted to really rain on CityCenter’s parade (which he probably doesn’t) you could just say, “Twenty years before you unmasked Las Vegas’s first pocket park, I built its first pocket rain forest.” You got to say it in the “I’m Steve Wynn” voice, though.

Ariavatar and Cirque du Spring

I don’t have much time to write today, but I wanted to get this thought out there. I haven’t seen the new James Cameron movie Avatar yet, but from the commercials and the reviews, I think that it might be the best cinematic comparison to City Center. It’s worth noting that they’ve been “in production” for about the same time and both of them push the technical envelope in their field. Despite the positive reviews, there’s still skepticism about how both will do.

On a slightly related note, here’s another idea that might be thought-provoking. With all of the talk of how the Elvis Cirque show “isn’t ready,” I was wondering what whether it’s a good fit for Aria at all. I think it is, because you’ll get two groups of people: Elvis fans who want to see the show because it’s about a performer they love, and those who think that Elvis has a kitschy appeal. I don’t think we should ever underestimate the power of kitsch.

But I can think of something that might have been a better fit for Aria. With all of the attention paid to environmental stewardship and whatnot, imagine how cool a Cirque show based on Stravinsky’s Rite of Spring would be.

Here’s the London Symphony Orchestra performing Rite of Spring in 2007:

If you’ve got a short attention span, it really starts cooking at 3:38 or so. The modernistic music seems to be a good companion to the modern architecture. And if there are reservations about ballet music working on the Strip, it is about a pagan sacrifice, which might be fitting for Sin City.